Tier 3 — preclinical

Identifying Aberrant 1CM-Related Pathways by Multi-Omics Analysis and Validating Tumor Inhibitory Effect of One-Carbon Donor Betaine in Gastric Cancer

Jie Li, Huan Liu, Panpan Yang, Feng Zhu, Fei Shen, Geyu Liang
International journal of molecular sciences 2025 26(8):3841

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 40332533
PubMed Central
PMC12027648
DOI
10.3390/ijms26083841
Funding
Reported funding/support: National Natural Science Foundation of China82173478This research was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number 82173478.
Competing interests
Reported disclosure: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Study snapshot

DesignExperimental animal and/or laboratory research
ModelHuman metabolomic profiling plus gastric-cancer cell experiments
SampleHuman profiling of 334 patients/healthy participants; separate cell experiments
InterventionPatient/control metabolomics; direct betaine exposure in cancer cells
DurationCross-sectional profiling and cell experiments
EndpointsGastric-cancer metabolism; Cell growth; AMPK

What the study showed, in plain terms

Published in 2025, this source examined preclinical aging, brain and metabolic mechanisms. Design: Experimental animal and/or laboratory research. Sample/model: Human profiling of 334 patients/healthy participants; separate cell experiments. The exposure or intervention was Patient/control metabolomics; direct betaine exposure in cancer cells. Follow-up or treatment period: Cross-sectional profiling and cell experiments.

Human profiling identified one-carbon pathway differences; betaine inhibited selected malignant cell behaviors in laboratory tests.

Experimental model evidence. The intervention, concentrations and outcomes do not establish an effective human supplement dose or a clinical treatment benefit.

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Continue with TMG, Methylation and MTHFR: Understanding the Evidence

Key findings

  • Human profiling identified one-carbon pathway differences; betaine inhibited selected malignant cell behaviors in laboratory tests.
  • The recorded outcome domains were Gastric-cancer metabolism; Cell growth; AMPK.
  • The result applies to the tested exposure: Patient/control metabolomics; direct betaine exposure in cancer cells; Cross-sectional profiling and cell experiments.

What this study can and cannot tell us

  • Experimental model evidence. The intervention, concentrations and outcomes do not establish an effective human supplement dose or a clinical treatment benefit.
  • Cell concentrations, species, disease models and experimental routes cannot be converted directly into an effective or safe oral human regimen.
  • Source basis: Accessible full-text extract plus indexed bibliographic data. Missing method details, funding information or participant denominators are not inferred.

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Editorial review

Reviewed by the Biohack Blueprint research team

Last verified

Dr. Khaled Mahmoud, MBBChCritical Care Medicine, Longevity Science & Editorial Direction Dr. Amr Yasser, PhDCardiometabolic, Musculoskeletal, Gut & Bioavailability Dr. Abdulla Mostafa, PhDCellular Senescence, Neurological, Mitochondrial & Brain-Ageing Biology