Tier 4 — mechanistic

Association of Maternal and Cord Blood Choline and Betaine Concentrations with Birthweight: A Prospective Mother-Infant Cohort Study

Sumiya Aihemaitijiang, Jiaxing Wen, Kai Li, Haoran Ren, Hongtian Li, Yubo Zhou, Jianmeng Liu
Nutrients 2026 18(9):1456

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 42124057
PubMed Central
PMC13164811
DOI
10.3390/nu18091456
Funding
Reported funding/support: National Basic Research Program of China2007CB5119001 National Natural Science Foundation of Chinahttps://ror.org/01h0zpd94 81571517This study was funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (no. 2007CB5119001) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 81571517). The funders had no involvement or restrictions regarding publication.
Competing interests
Reported disclosure: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Study snapshot

DesignProspective mother-infant cohort
ModelHuman participants
Sample988 mother-infant pairs
InterventionMeasured betaine status and related metabolites; no randomized TMG treatment
DurationLate pregnancy through birth
EndpointsBirthweight; Maternal and cord betaine

What the study showed, in plain terms

Published in 2026, this source examined human observational and biomarker research. It examined Measured betaine status and related metabolites; no randomized TMG treatment. The source describes 988 mother-infant pairs.

Higher maternal and cord-blood betaine was associated with lower birthweight; subgroup interaction evidence was not conclusive.

Observational exposure analysis: residual confounding and reverse causation remain possible. Associations do not establish that betaine supplementation causes the same outcome.

Continue with TMG Data Center

Continue with TMG for Weight Loss: Body-Fat Findings and Their Limits

Key findings

  • Higher maternal and cord-blood betaine was associated with lower birthweight; subgroup interaction evidence was not conclusive.
  • The recorded outcome domains were Birthweight; Maternal and cord betaine.

What this study can and cannot tell us

  • Observational exposure analysis: residual confounding and reverse causation remain possible. Associations do not establish that betaine supplementation causes the same outcome.
  • Source basis: Accessible full-text extract plus indexed bibliographic data. Missing method details, funding information or participant denominators are not inferred.

Related papers in the corpus

Tier 4
Prospective associations of maternal betaine status with offspring weight and body composition at birth: the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort study
Linde van Lee et al. · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2016
Tier 4
Maternal Betaine and Methylation Potential during Pregnancy Are Associated with Child Growth at Birth and Early Childhood: Results of the Chilean Maternal & Infant Cohort Study-II
Isis Trujillo-González et al. · The Journal of nutrition · 2026
Tier 4
Early second trimester maternal plasma choline and betaine are related to measures of early cognitive development in term infants
Brian T F Wu et al. · PloS one · 2012
Tier 4
Dietary Choline and Betaine and Risk of CVD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies
Katie A Meyer et al. · Nutrients · 2017
Tier 4
Dietary Choline and Betaine Are Not Associated With the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Elham Sharifi-Zahabi et al. · Journal of diabetes research · 2026
Tier 4
Association of choline and betaine with the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: Meta-analysis
Qinglin Yang et al. · European journal of clinical investigation · 2023

Editorial review

Reviewed by the Biohack Blueprint research team

Last verified

Dr. Khaled Mahmoud, MBBChCritical Care Medicine, Longevity Science & Editorial Direction Dr. Amr Yasser, PhDCardiometabolic, Musculoskeletal, Gut & Bioavailability Dr. Abdulla Mostafa, PhDCellular Senescence, Neurological, Mitochondrial & Brain-Ageing Biology