Tier 4 — mechanistic

Association of betaine with blood pressure in dialysis patients

Lulu Wang, Mingming Zhao, Wenjin Liu, Xiurong Li, Hong Chu, Youwei Bai, Zhuxing Sun, Chaoqing Gao, Lemin Zheng, Junwei Yang
Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) 2018 20(2):388-393

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 29370470
PubMed Central
PMC8030815
DOI
10.1111/jch.13190
Funding
Reported funding/support: clinical research from Jiangsu Science and Technology Department 10.13039/501100008868BL2013037
Competing interests
Reported disclosure: None to declare.

Study snapshot

DesignCross-sectional cohort analysis
ModelHuman participants
Sample327 hemodialysis patients
InterventionMeasured betaine status and related metabolites; no randomized TMG treatment
DurationBaseline analysis
EndpointsBlood pressure; Kidney disease

What the study showed, in plain terms

Published in 2018, this source examined human observational and biomarker research. Design: Cross-sectional cohort analysis. Sample/model: 327 hemodialysis patients. The exposure or intervention was Measured betaine status and related metabolites; no randomized TMG treatment. Follow-up or treatment period: Baseline analysis.

Higher circulating betaine was associated with lower ambulatory blood pressure, mainly in women.

Observational exposure analysis: residual confounding and reverse causation remain possible. Associations do not establish that betaine supplementation causes the same outcome.

Continue with TMG Data Center

Continue with TMG and Blood Pressure: What Human Studies Show

Key findings

  • Higher circulating betaine was associated with lower ambulatory blood pressure, mainly in women.
  • The recorded outcome domains were Blood pressure; Kidney disease.
  • The exposure was observed rather than assigned as an isolated supplement treatment.

What this study can and cannot tell us

  • Observational exposure analysis: residual confounding and reverse causation remain possible. Associations do not establish that betaine supplementation causes the same outcome.
  • Confounding, dietary patterns, illness, medication use and reverse causation can influence an association. Blood or dietary concentrations do not identify the effect of starting a capsule.
  • Source basis: Indexed abstract and bibliographic data. Missing method details, funding information or participant denominators are not inferred.

Related papers in the corpus

Tier 4
Dietary Choline and Betaine and Risk of CVD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies
Katie A Meyer et al. · Nutrients · 2017
Tier 4
Dietary Choline and Betaine Are Not Associated With the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Elham Sharifi-Zahabi et al. · Journal of diabetes research · 2026
Tier 4
Association of choline and betaine with the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: Meta-analysis
Qinglin Yang et al. · European journal of clinical investigation · 2023
Tier 4
Association of choline and betaine levels with cancer incidence and survival: A meta-analysis
Jiyoung Youn et al. · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2019

Editorial review

Reviewed by the Biohack Blueprint research team

Last verified

Dr. Khaled Mahmoud, MBBChCritical Care Medicine, Longevity Science & Editorial Direction Dr. Amr Yasser, PhDCardiometabolic, Musculoskeletal, Gut & Bioavailability Dr. Abdulla Mostafa, PhDCellular Senescence, Neurological, Mitochondrial & Brain-Ageing Biology