Tier 3 — preclinical

Betaine alleviates neuronal impairment in glutamate-injured SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells via Nrf2 signaling pathway related ferroptosis

Guihua Wu, Fuwei Wang, Zihao Chen, Nan Zheng, Qiong Zhou, Lihua Xie, Xinyu Yang, Daibo Song, Qiang Sun, Jiantao Lin, Li Li
Journal of neuroimmunology 2026 414:578886

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 41707471
DOI
10.1016/j.jneuroim.2026.578886
Funding
Funding was not specified in the indexed record or accessible funding metadata.
Competing interests
Reported disclosure: The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Study snapshot

DesignExperimental animal and/or laboratory research
ModelSH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells
SampleExperiment-specific biological replicates and model groups; see original methods
InterventionBetaine during glutamate-induced cellular injury
DurationIn vitro exposure
EndpointsCell survival; Ferroptosis; Nrf2

What the study showed, in plain terms

Published in 2026, this source examined preclinical aging, brain and metabolic mechanisms. Design: Experimental animal and/or laboratory research. Sample/model: Experiment-specific biological replicates and model groups; see original methods. The exposure or intervention was Betaine during glutamate-induced cellular injury. Follow-up or treatment period: In vitro exposure.

Betaine improved viability and selected ferroptosis/oxidative-stress markers, alongside Nrf2-related changes.

Experimental model evidence. The intervention, concentrations and outcomes do not establish an effective human supplement dose or a clinical treatment benefit.

Continue with TMG Data Center

Continue with TMG Supplement: Trimethylglycine Benefits, Uses and Evidence

Key findings

  • Betaine improved viability and selected ferroptosis/oxidative-stress markers, alongside Nrf2-related changes.
  • The recorded outcome domains were Cell survival; Ferroptosis; Nrf2.
  • The result applies to the tested exposure: Betaine during glutamate-induced cellular injury; In vitro exposure.

What this study can and cannot tell us

  • Experimental model evidence. The intervention, concentrations and outcomes do not establish an effective human supplement dose or a clinical treatment benefit.
  • Cell concentrations, species, disease models and experimental routes cannot be converted directly into an effective or safe oral human regimen.
  • Source basis: Indexed abstract and bibliographic data. Missing method details, funding information or participant denominators are not inferred.

Related papers in the corpus

Tier 4
Betaine: A Promising Natural Product for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases
Ying Zhang et al. · Current neuropharmacology · 2026
Tier 4
Association of trimethylamine oxide and its precursors with cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Caiyi Long et al. · Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024
Tier 2
An open-label, 24-week pilot study of the methyl donor betaine in Alzheimer disease patients
D Knopman et al. · Alzheimer disease and associated disorders · 2001
Tier 4
Global DNA hypomethylation and its correlation to the betaine level in peripheral blood of patients with schizophrenia
Yui Murata et al. · Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2020
Tier 3
Systematic profiling reveals betaine as an exercise mimetic for geroprotection
Lingling Geng et al. · Cell · 2025
Tier 4
Betaine and aging: A narrative review of findings, possible mechanisms, research perspectives, and practical recommendations
Emilia Zawieja et al. · Ageing research reviews · 2025

Editorial review

Reviewed by the Biohack Blueprint research team

Last verified

Dr. Khaled Mahmoud, MBBChCritical Care Medicine, Longevity Science & Editorial Direction Dr. Amr Yasser, PhDCardiometabolic, Musculoskeletal, Gut & Bioavailability Dr. Abdulla Mostafa, PhDCellular Senescence, Neurological, Mitochondrial & Brain-Ageing Biology