Tier 4 — mechanistic

Association of trimethylamine oxide and its precursors with cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Caiyi Long, Zihan Li, Haoyue Feng, Yayi Jiang, Yueheng Pu, Jiajing Tao, Rensong Yue
Frontiers in aging neuroscience 2024 16:1465457

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 39430973
PubMed Central
PMC11486729
DOI
10.3389/fnagi.2024.1465457
Funding
Reported funding/support: National Natural Science Foundation of China10.13039/501100001809The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (8227152900).
Competing interests
Reported disclosure: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Study snapshot

DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
ModelEvidence synthesis; mixed research models
Sample9 studies; 82246 participants overall
InterventionTMAO and precursor exposure, including plasma betaine
DurationSearch through September 2024
EndpointsCognitive impairment; TMAO; Plasma betaine

What the study showed, in plain terms

Published in 2024, this source examined safety assessments and evidence synthesis. Its evidence base was 9 studies; 82246 participants overall. It evaluated TMAO and precursor exposure, including plasma betaine across Search through September 2024.

Higher TMAO was associated with cognitive impairment; the plasma-betaine comparison was not statistically significant.

Observational data and heterogeneous exposure measures; TMAO findings cannot be automatically attributed to TMG supplements. The 2024 corrigendum corrected figure order and table references. The authors state that the scientific conclusions were unchanged. Publication update

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Key findings

  • Higher TMAO was associated with cognitive impairment; the plasma-betaine comparison was not statistically significant.
  • The recorded outcome domains were Cognitive impairment; TMAO; Plasma betaine.

What this study can and cannot tell us

  • Observational data and heterogeneous exposure measures; TMAO findings cannot be automatically attributed to TMG supplements. The 2024 corrigendum corrected figure order and table references. The authors state that the scientific conclusions were unchanged. Publication update
  • Observational human evidence synthesis. Pooling associations does not convert dietary intake or circulating biomarkers into a randomized effect of taking TMG.
  • Source basis: Accessible full-text extract plus indexed bibliographic data. Missing method details, funding information or participant denominators are not inferred.

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Editorial review

Reviewed by the Biohack Blueprint research team

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Dr. Khaled Mahmoud, MBBChCritical Care Medicine, Longevity Science & Editorial Direction Dr. Amr Yasser, PhDCardiometabolic, Musculoskeletal, Gut & Bioavailability Dr. Abdulla Mostafa, PhDCellular Senescence, Neurological, Mitochondrial & Brain-Ageing Biology