Tier 3 — preclinical

Betaine Mitigates Amyloid-β-Associated Neuroinflammation by Suppressing the NLRP3 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways in Microglial Cells

Yue Zhang, Jianping Jia
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2023 94(s1):S9-S19

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 37334594
PubMed Central
PMC10473109
DOI
10.3233/JAD-230064
Funding
Reported funding/support: This study was supported by the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A20354); Beijing Brain Initiative from Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z201100005520016, Z201100005520017); National major R&D projects of China-Scientific technological innovation 2030 (2021ZD0201802); the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project (31627803); the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81530036).
Competing interests
Reported disclosure: Jianping Jia is Editorial Board Members of this journal but was not involved in the peer-review process nor had access to any information regarding its peer-review. The remaining author has no conflict of interest to report.

Study snapshot

DesignExperimental animal and/or laboratory research
ModelBV2 microglial cells
SampleExperiment-specific biological replicates and model groups; see original methods
InterventionBetaine 2 mmol/L in an amyloid-oligomer challenge
DurationIn vitro exposure
EndpointsMicroglial inflammation; NLRP3; NF-kappaB

What the study showed, in plain terms

Published in 2023, this source examined preclinical aging, brain and metabolic mechanisms. Design: Experimental animal and/or laboratory research. Sample/model: Experiment-specific biological replicates and model groups; see original methods. The exposure or intervention was Betaine 2 mmol/L in an amyloid-oligomer challenge. Follow-up or treatment period: In vitro exposure.

Betaine reduced selected cytokines and NLRP3/NF-kappaB activation without reducing cell viability in the tested model.

Experimental model evidence. The intervention, concentrations and outcomes do not establish an effective human supplement dose or a clinical treatment benefit.

Continue with TMG Data Center

Continue with TMG Supplement: Trimethylglycine Benefits, Uses and Evidence

Key findings

  • Betaine reduced selected cytokines and NLRP3/NF-kappaB activation without reducing cell viability in the tested model.
  • The recorded outcome domains were Microglial inflammation; NLRP3; NF-kappaB.
  • The result applies to the tested exposure: Betaine 2 mmol/L in an amyloid-oligomer challenge; In vitro exposure.

What this study can and cannot tell us

  • Experimental model evidence. The intervention, concentrations and outcomes do not establish an effective human supplement dose or a clinical treatment benefit.
  • Cell concentrations, species, disease models and experimental routes cannot be converted directly into an effective or safe oral human regimen.
  • Source basis: Accessible full-text extract plus indexed bibliographic data. Missing method details, funding information or participant denominators are not inferred.

Related papers in the corpus

Tier 4
Betaine: A Promising Natural Product for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases
Ying Zhang et al. · Current neuropharmacology · 2026
Tier 4
Association of trimethylamine oxide and its precursors with cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Caiyi Long et al. · Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024
Tier 2
An open-label, 24-week pilot study of the methyl donor betaine in Alzheimer disease patients
D Knopman et al. · Alzheimer disease and associated disorders · 2001
Tier 4
Global DNA hypomethylation and its correlation to the betaine level in peripheral blood of patients with schizophrenia
Yui Murata et al. · Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2020
Tier 3
Systematic profiling reveals betaine as an exercise mimetic for geroprotection
Lingling Geng et al. · Cell · 2025
Tier 4
Betaine and aging: A narrative review of findings, possible mechanisms, research perspectives, and practical recommendations
Emilia Zawieja et al. · Ageing research reviews · 2025

Editorial review

Reviewed by the Biohack Blueprint research team

Last verified

Dr. Khaled Mahmoud, MBBChCritical Care Medicine, Longevity Science & Editorial Direction Dr. Amr Yasser, PhDCardiometabolic, Musculoskeletal, Gut & Bioavailability Dr. Abdulla Mostafa, PhDCellular Senescence, Neurological, Mitochondrial & Brain-Ageing Biology