Tier 4 — mechanistic

Making the case for prophylactic use of betaine to promote brain health in young (15-24 year old) athletes at risk for concussion

Leena S Knight, Thomas A Knight
Frontiers in neuroscience 2023 17:1214976

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 37811321
PubMed Central
PMC10556504
DOI
10.3389/fnins.2023.1214976
Funding
Reported funding/support: We are grateful for financial support from Whitman College.
Competing interests
Reported disclosure: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Study snapshot

DesignNarrative review
ModelEvidence synthesis; mixed research models
SamplePublished literature; no newly enrolled participant cohort
InterventionReview of betaine-related evidence; no single assigned intervention
DurationEvidence review; source-specific study durations vary
EndpointsBetaine biology; Clinical and mechanistic evidence

What the study showed, in plain terms

Published in 2023, this source examined mechanistic and clinical reviews. Its evidence base was Published literature; no newly enrolled participant cohort. It evaluated Review of betaine-related evidence; no single assigned intervention across Evidence review; source-specific study durations vary.

Proposes preventive betaine use in young athletes based on brain-protection hypotheses.

This is not a concussion-prevention trial; it does not establish safety or efficacy for prophylactic use in young athletes.

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Key findings

  • Proposes preventive betaine use in young athletes based on brain-protection hypotheses.
  • The recorded outcome domains were Betaine biology; Clinical and mechanistic evidence.

What this study can and cannot tell us

  • This is not a concussion-prevention trial; it does not establish safety or efficacy for prophylactic use in young athletes.
  • The conclusions inherit the limitations of the underlying studies. A narrative interpretation or guideline recommendation is not a new randomized treatment comparison.
  • Source basis: Accessible full-text extract plus indexed bibliographic data. Missing method details, funding information or participant denominators are not inferred.

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Editorial review

Reviewed by the Biohack Blueprint research team

Last verified

Dr. Khaled Mahmoud, MBBChCritical Care Medicine, Longevity Science & Editorial Direction Dr. Amr Yasser, PhDCardiometabolic, Musculoskeletal, Gut & Bioavailability Dr. Abdulla Mostafa, PhDCellular Senescence, Neurological, Mitochondrial & Brain-Ageing Biology