Tier 2 — strong

Association of Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyl Transferase (rs3797546 and rs3733890) polymorphisms with non-syndromic cleft lip/palate: A meta-analysis

Mohammad Moslem Imani, Pia Lopez-Jornet, Eduardo Pons-Fuster López, Fatemeh Ghanbari, Masoud Sadeghi
International orthodontics 2019 17(4):643-651

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 31451344
DOI
10.1016/j.ortho.2019.08.003
Funding
Funding was not specified in the indexed record or accessible funding metadata.
Competing interests
A competing-interest declaration was not available in the indexed record or accessible disclosure metadata.

Study snapshot

DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of genetic association studies
ModelEvidence synthesis; mixed research models
Sample4 genetic association studies
InterventionReview of betaine-related evidence; no single assigned intervention
DurationEvidence review; source-specific study durations vary
EndpointsBetaine biology; Clinical and mechanistic evidence

What the study showed, in plain terms

Published in 2019, this source examined mechanistic and clinical reviews. Its evidence base was 4 genetic association studies. It evaluated Review of betaine-related evidence; no single assigned intervention across Evidence review; source-specific study durations vary.

A four-study genetic meta-analysis linked one BHMT variant with cleft lip/palate susceptibility, with inconsistent findings for another variant.

A genetic association is not a trial of betaine, and it does not establish that TMG prevents birth defects.

Continue with TMG Data Center

Continue with TMG, Methylation and MTHFR: Understanding the Evidence

Key findings

  • A four-study genetic meta-analysis linked one BHMT variant with cleft lip/palate susceptibility, with inconsistent findings for another variant.
  • The recorded outcome domains were Betaine biology; Clinical and mechanistic evidence.

What this study can and cannot tell us

  • A genetic association is not a trial of betaine, and it does not establish that TMG prevents birth defects.
  • The conclusions inherit the limitations of the underlying studies. A narrative interpretation or guideline recommendation is not a new randomized treatment comparison.
  • Source basis: Indexed abstract and bibliographic data. Missing method details, funding information or participant denominators are not inferred.

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Editorial review

Reviewed by the Biohack Blueprint research team

Last verified

Dr. Khaled Mahmoud, MBBChCritical Care Medicine, Longevity Science & Editorial Direction Dr. Amr Yasser, PhDCardiometabolic, Musculoskeletal, Gut & Bioavailability Dr. Abdulla Mostafa, PhDCellular Senescence, Neurological, Mitochondrial & Brain-Ageing Biology