Tier 4 — mechanistic

Betaine and homocysteine concentrations in infant formulae and breast milk

A Sakamoto, H Ono, N Mizoguchi, N Sakura
Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society 2001 43(6):637-640

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 11737741
DOI
10.1046/j.1442-200x.2001.01465.x
Funding
Funding was not specified in the indexed record or accessible funding metadata.
Competing interests
A competing-interest declaration was not available in the indexed record or accessible disclosure metadata.

Study snapshot

DesignMilk and formula composition study
ModelFood, milk or laboratory samples
Sample3 methionine-free formulas, 5 starter formulas and 33 milk samples from 10 mothers
InterventionMeasured betaine and homocysteine concentrations
DurationLaboratory sampling
EndpointsBreast-milk betaine; Formula composition

What the study showed, in plain terms

Published in 2001, this source examined food sources, absorption and nutrient metabolism. It examined Measured betaine and homocysteine concentrations. The source describes 3 methionine-free formulas, 5 starter formulas and 33 milk samples from 10 mothers.

Betaine was detected in breast milk and standard formula but not at amounts equivalent to homocystinuria therapy.

A composition study in a rare-disease context; it does not establish that infants should receive TMG supplements.

Continue with TMG Data Center

Continue with Foods High in Betaine: TMG Amounts and Practical Portions

Key findings

  • Betaine was detected in breast milk and standard formula but not at amounts equivalent to homocystinuria therapy.
  • The recorded outcome domains were Breast-milk betaine; Formula composition.

What this study can and cannot tell us

  • A composition study in a rare-disease context; it does not establish that infants should receive TMG supplements.
  • Source basis: Indexed abstract and bibliographic data. Missing method details, funding information or participant denominators are not inferred.

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Editorial review

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Dr. Khaled Mahmoud, MBBChCritical Care Medicine, Longevity Science & Editorial Direction Dr. Amr Yasser, PhDCardiometabolic, Musculoskeletal, Gut & Bioavailability Dr. Abdulla Mostafa, PhDCellular Senescence, Neurological, Mitochondrial & Brain-Ageing Biology