Tier 1 — highest

Adverse events from large dose vitamin D supplementation taken for one year or longer

Z Malihi, Zhenqiang Wu, Carlene M M Lawes, Robert Scragg
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology 2019 188:29-37

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 30529281
DOI
10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.12.002
Funding
Funding is not specified in the indexed abstract or accessible funding metadata. Consult the original publication for the declaration.
Competing interests
A competing-interest declaration is not available in the indexed abstract or accessible disclosure metadata.

Study snapshot

DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis
ModelHuman evidence synthesis
Sample15 trials involving 3,150 participants reported relevant adverse events
InterventionVitamin D2 or D3 equivalent to at least 2,800 IU/day
DurationAt least 1 year
EndpointsTotal adverse events; Hypercalcemia; Hypercalciuria; Kidney stones

What the study showed, in plain terms

This publication examines total adverse events, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, kidney stones. Study population or evidence base: 15 trials involving 3,150 participants reported relevant adverse events. Intervention or exposure: Vitamin D2 or D3 equivalent to at least 2,800 IU/day.

Key findings

Total adverse events and kidney stones were not significantly increased. Hypercalcemia showed a possible increase, and urine-calcium evidence was sparse.

What this study can and cannot tell us

Many eligible studies did not report safety outcomes, and event estimates were imprecise. Neutral pooled totals do not prove absence of calcium-related risk.

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Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari et al. · JAMA internal medicine · 2016
Tier 1
Hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and kidney stones in long-term studies of vitamin D supplementation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zarintaj Malihi et al. · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2016

Editorial review

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