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Which Protein-Based Dietary Supplements Most Effectively Enhance Fat-Free Mass and Strength Gains in Healthy Adults Undergoing Resistance Training? A Network Meta-Analysis

Marcos D M Drummond, Ronaldo A D Silva, Nelson Carvas Junior, Miércio S Melo, Matheus H L Ferreira
Translational Sports Medicine 2026 2026:5557511

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 41635649
PubMed Central
PMC12862422
Funding
The authors reported that the work did not receive a specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Competing interests
The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Study snapshot

DesignNetwork meta-analysis of protein interventions plus resistance training; searched through May 2024
ModelHealthy adults undergoing resistance training
Sample78 studies; 4,755 participants across endpoints
Intervention13 protein supplements, including collagen and whey, plus placebo/control
DurationVaried
EndpointsStrength; Fat-free mass; Indirect treatment rankings

What the study showed, in plain terms

This network meta-analysis places collagen high for training-related strength and lean-mass outcomes, conflicting with direct acute muscle protein-synthesis studies. Its indirect rankings must not be read as proof collagen is superior to whey in a head-to-head trial.

Key findings

The authors report favorable network estimates for collagen and whey versus placebo, with collagen ranked higher on strength and fat-free mass.

What this study can and cannot tell us

Indirect rankings and transitivity assumptions, very different population/training/supplement designs, small collagen nodes and no proof of direct biological superiority over whey. Reconcile against direct MPS trials before changing protein recommendations.

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