Tier 1 — highest

Vitamin D Supplementation and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes

Anastassios G Pittas, Bess Dawson-Hughes, Patricia Sheehan, James H Ware, William C Knowler, Vanita R Aroda, Irwin Brodsky, Lisa Ceglia, Chhavi Chadha, Ranee Chatterjee, Cyrus Desouza, Rowena Dolor, John Foreyt, Paul Fuss, Adline Ghazi, Daniel S Hsia, Karen C Johnson, Sangeeta R Kashyap, Sun Kim, Erin S LeBlanc, Michael R Lewis, Emilia Liao, Lisa M Neff, Jason Nelson, Patrick O'Neil, Jean Park, Anne Peters, Lawrence S Phillips, Richard Pratley, Philip Raskin, Neda Rasouli, David Robbins, Clifford Rosen, Ellen M Vickery, Myrlene Staten, D2d Research Group
The New England journal of medicine 2019 381(6):520-530

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 31173679
PubMed Central
PMC6993875
DOI
10.1056/NEJMoa1900906
Trial registry
View on ClinicalTrials.gov Registered trial — results not yet published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Funding
Support is recorded from NIDDK NIH HHS, American Diabetes Association, NCATS NIH HHS, Office of Dietary Supplements. See the original publication for grant and material-support details.
Competing interests
A competing-interest declaration is not available in the indexed abstract or accessible disclosure metadata.

Study snapshot

DesignRandomized controlled clinical trial
ModelHuman participants
Sample2,423 adults with prediabetes
InterventionVitamin D3 4,000 IU/day or placebo
DurationMedian 2.5 years
EndpointsNew-onset type 2 diabetes; Adverse events

What the study showed, in plain terms

This publication examines new-onset type 2 diabetes, adverse events. Study population or evidence base: 2,423 adults with prediabetes. Intervention or exposure: Vitamin D3 4,000 IU/day or placebo.

Key findings

The vitamin D group had fewer diabetes diagnoses numerically, but the primary between-group difference was not statistically significant.

What this study can and cannot tell us

Participants were not selected for vitamin D insufficiency. Later pooled analyses combine this trial with other prediabetes trials and are not separate new evidence from the same participants.

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