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Randomized Crossover Trial Evaluating Detoxification of Tobacco Carcinogens by Broccoli Seed and Sprout Extract in Current Smokers

Julie E Bauman, Chiu-Hsieh Hsu, Sara Centuori, Jose Guillen-Rodriguez, Linda L Garland, Emily Ho, Megha Padi, Vignesh Bageerathan, Lisa Bengtson, Malgorzata Wojtowicz, Eva Szabo, H-H Sherry Chow
Cancers 2022 14(9):2129

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 35565256
PubMed Central
PMC9105060
DOI
10.3390/cancers14092129
Funding
Funded by the U.S. National Cancer Institute Division of Cancer Prevention through HHSN2612012000311; additional assay, biostatistical and bioinformatics support came from University of Arizona Cancer Center P30CA023074. Avmacol was provided by Nutramax, Inc.
Competing interests
The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Study snapshot

DesignRandomized crossover dose-comparison trial
ModelOtherwise healthy current smokers
Sample49 enrolled
InterventionAvmacol broccoli seed and sprout extract at 148 µmol/day and 296 µmol/day glucoraphanin, each for two weeks, separated by a two-week washout.
DurationTwo 2-week treatment periods separated by a 2-week washout
EndpointsUrinary benzene mercapturic acid (SPMA); Acrolein detoxification biomarker; Crotonaldehyde detoxification biomarker; Sulforaphane bioavailability; GST genotype modification; Toxicity

What the study showed, in plain terms

In current smokers, the higher-dose Avmacol broccoli seed/sprout extract increased urinary detoxification biomarkers for several tobacco-related volatile compounds. This is product-specific biomarker evidence, not proof that a supplement prevents smoking-related cancer.

Key findings

The higher 296 µmol/day glucoraphanin dose significantly increased detoxification biomarkers for benzene, acrolein and crotonaldehyde.

What this study can and cannot tell us

Short-term biomarker study in current smokers; urinary mercapturic-acid changes do not establish reduced cancer incidence or other long-term clinical outcomes.

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Dr. Khaled Mahmoud, MBBChCritical Care Medicine, Longevity Science & Editorial Direction Dr. Amr Yasser, PhDCardiometabolic, Musculoskeletal, Gut & Bioavailability Dr. Abdulla Mostafa, PhDCellular Senescence, Neurological, Mitochondrial & Brain-Ageing Biology