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Impact of creatine supplementation on kidney health: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Artur de Souza Almeida, Leonardo Olimpio Dias da Silva, Bianca Namie Abe Takahasi, Bruno Damico Terada, Felipe Giraldo Alvarez Gonçalves, Breno Cordeiro Porto, Rodrigo Afonso da Silva Sardenberg, Carlo Camargo Passerotti, Ronaldo Soares Maia, Farid Samaan, Maxton Thoman, Wilson R Molina, Jose Arnaldo Shiomi da Cruz
Int Urol Nephrol 2026 Online ahead of print

Bibliography

PubMed
PMID 42507286
Funding
Article-processing charge funded by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES).
Competing interests
Authors declared no competing interests.

Study snapshot

DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
ModelHuman
Sample26 studies; 1,036 participants
InterventionCreatine supplementation versus placebo/control
DurationVaried by included trial
EndpointsSerum creatinine; Creatinine-based GFR; Cr-EDTA GFR; Urea; Albuminuria; Proteinuria

What the study showed, in plain terms

Large renal-safety meta-analysis evaluating both creatinine-based and non-creatinine filtration measures.

Key findings

Serum creatinine rose and creatinine-estimated GFR fell, but Cr-EDTA GFR and kidney-damage markers did not significantly worsen, supporting the interpretation that creatinine metabolism can distort creatinine-based estimates.

What this study can and cannot tell us

High heterogeneity for serum creatinine and mixed populations including CKD; long-term data remain limited.

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