Tier 2 — strong

Effect of two different creatine supplementation products on muscular strength and power

Matthew D Vukovich, Jill Michaelis

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation 1998 8(4):369-383

Bibliography

DOI: 10.1080/15438629909512539
Funding: No explicit funding statement was located in the accessible publisher record during Biohack Blueprint's 2026-10-02 audit. This is an audit-status statement, not confirmation that the study received no funding.
Competing interests: No explicit competing-interests statement was located in the accessible publisher record during Biohack Blueprint's 2026-10-02 audit. This is an audit-status statement, not confirmation that no competing interests existed.

Study snapshot

Design	Double-blind controlled four-group human supplementation trial
Model	Human
Sample	48 men; mean age 22.3 years
Intervention	Creatine monohydrate as powder or solid gelled candy, versus powder or gelled-candy carbohydrate placebo; 20 g/day for 5 days followed by 10 g/day for 16 days
Duration	21 days
Endpoints	Body weight; Fat-free mass; Leg-press 1RM; Repeated-sprint power; Isokinetic strength; Fatigue indices

What the study showed, in plain terms

Older controlled trial directly comparing creatine monohydrate in powder and solid gelled-candy delivery formats. Both creatine formats increased body weight, fat-free mass and leg-press strength relative to placebo, with no clear performance advantage of the solid format over powder.

Key findings

Powder and solid gelled-candy creatine produced similar increases in body weight, fat-free mass and leg-press 1RM over 21 days. The study supports the principle that a solid delivery format can work when it actually supplies the intended creatine dose; it does not prove that modern gummies are stable or label-accurate through shelf life.

What this study can and cannot tell us

Small, short study in young men using high loading and maintenance doses. The solid gelled-candy product is not equivalent to every modern pectin or gelatin gummy formulation, and the study did not assess contemporary retail-label accuracy or long-term stability.

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Oct 2, 2026 Creatine Gummies vs Powder: Dose, Stability, Sugar and Value ComparedCreatine gummies vs powder: compare actual dose, cost, stability documentation, convenience, sugar and how to spot an underdosed gummy.Read analysis

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