Tier 2 — strong
Common questions and misconceptions about creatine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?
J Int Soc Sports Nutr
2021
18(1):13
Bibliography
- PubMed
- PMID 33557850
- PubMed Central
- PMC7871530
- Funding
- Funding: not applicable.
- Competing interests
- Multiple authors disclosed creatine-related industry research, donations, sponsorship, advisory-board roles, consulting, speaking support or ISSN leadership; the full paper contains the author-by-author declarations.
Study snapshot
| Design | Evidence-based narrative review |
|---|---|
| Model | Human |
| Sample | Review of common creatine safety and efficacy questions |
| Intervention | Creatine monohydrate evidence |
| Duration | Not applicable |
| Endpoints | Water retention; Steroid misconception; Kidney safety; Hair loss; Dehydration; Cramping; Youth; Fat mass |
What the study showed, in plain terms
Key findings
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